GPGPU | 通用圖形處理器

  • 通用圖形處理器是什麼?
    通用圖形處理器英文名稱是GPGPU,是圖形處理器(GPU)的一種;和其他GPU的差別是,GPGPU不是用來繪製電腦動畫,而是協助中央處理器(CPU)分擔工作。結合兩種不同處理器是異質運算的一種應用,也是許多創新科技發明背後的成功因素;比方說,運用機器學習深度學習開發人工智慧,可使用GPGPU來提升效率。

    GPGPU適合平行運算應用,因為核心數很多,勝任的工作種類不及CPU,但擅長處理大量圖像數據。因此,許多高效能運算(HPC)伺服器運用GPGPU達到超級電腦的運算水準,藉此發展先進技術、推動科學研究。

  • 為何需要?
    如果執行的運算工作,本來就會用上圖像數據,例如,用電腦視覺開發自駕車或人臉辨識系統,那麼,採用搭配GPGPU的伺服器是理所當然。其他常見的使用情境包括:

    地球科學:不論是氣象學或天文學,使用GPGPU都能提升效率,例如日本早稻田大學用技嘉科技G221-Z30組成運算叢集,透過電腦模擬,了解氣候變遷如何衝擊沿岸地區;美國洛厄爾天文台用技嘉G482-Z50排除「太空噪音」,尋找外太空的「第二顆地球」。

    科學知識:搭載GPGPU的GPU協同運算伺服器,可以幫助科學研究機構增進人類知識。歐洲核子研究組織(CERN)使用技嘉G482-Z51分析大型強子對撞機(LHC)產出的數據,尋找神秘的底夸克;西班牙巴塞隆納大學理論與計算化學研究所,購買技嘉G292-Z42和其他伺服器,將資料中心的運算效能提升約40%。

    未來智慧世界:科學家運用先進運算效能,企圖為人類所面臨的挑戰找出解答,GPGPU能提供很大的幫助。實際案例包括西班牙跨學科物理和複雜系統研究所(IFISC),運用技嘉G482-Z54進行氣候變遷、再生能源、COVID-19疫情相關的重要研究計畫;臺灣師範大學運用G190-H44和其他伺服器,建置泛用型「雲端運算平台」,供師生使用。只要是處理圖像數據,GPGPU就能大顯神威,幫助伺服器發揮最大效能。

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  • 技嘉的特色
    搭載GPGPU的伺服器產品當中,技嘉科技首推G系列GPU協同運算伺服器。技嘉發揮熱學與機構設計領域知識,打造領先業界的高密度系統,達成優化平行運算效益,例如G481-HA1,最多搭載十張NVIDIA Tesla® V100 PCIe GPGPU,G492-ID0則支援NVIDIA HGX™ A100,搭載八張SXM4 GPGPU。G系列伺服器經過嚴格壓力測試,能在高壓情況下發揮最佳效能和穩定性。

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